Sugar Movie Annotated Bibliography
1. "‘King Corn’: Documentary Making Noise in Midwest"
Warren Gerds, Quotes Curt Ellis
Green Bay Press Gazette
April 13, 2008
http://www.foodandsocietyfellows.org/publications.cfm?refID=102523
“The Center for Disease Control’s prediction is that one in three current first graders is likely to develop Type 2 diabetes in the course of their lifetime. And that’s because of the food we’re eating.”
2. Liquid Candy: How Soft Drinks are Harming America’s Health
Center for Science in the Public Interest
http://www.cspinet.org/liquidcandy/index.html
...Soft drinks provide large amounts of sugars (mostly high-fructose corn syrup) to many individuals’ diets. Soda pop provides the average 12- to 19-year-old boy with about 15 teaspoons of refined sugars a day and the average girl with about10 teaspoons a day. Those amounts roughly equal the government’s recommended limits for teens’ sugar consumption from all foods...
...The empty calories of soft drinks are likely contributing to health problems, particularly overweight and obesity. Those conditions have become far more prevalent during the period in which soft drink consumption has soared. Several scientific studies have provided experimental evidence that soft drinks are directly related to weight gain. That weight gain, in turn, is a prime risk factor for type 2 diabetes, which, for the first time, is becoming a problem for teens as well as adults. As people get older, excess weight also contributes to heart attacks, strokes, and cancer...
...In 2004, Americans spent $66billion 3 on carbonated drinks—and billions more on noncarbonated soft drinks. That works out to about $850 per household—enough to buy a computer and year’s worth of Internet access. 4 The industry produced enough soda pop that year to provide the average person with 52 gallons—the equivalent of 557 12-ounce servings per year, or 1½ 12-ounce cans per day, for every man, woman, and child.5 Carbonated soft drinks are the single most consumed food in the American diet, providing about 7 percent of all calories, according to the government-sponsored 1999–2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey...
...Putting the USDA Recommendations in Perspective:
To better grasp the USDA sugar recommendations, Consider that the average 12 to 19-year-old boy consumes about 2,750 calories and 1 ½ cans of soda with 15 teaspoons of sugars a day; the average girl consumes about 1,850 calories and one can with 10 teaspoons of sugars. Thus, typical teens just about hit their recommended refined-sugars limit from soft drinks alone. Adding in fruit drinks, candy, cookies, cake, ice cream, and other sugary foods, most teenagers exceed those recommendations by a large margin...
...An analysis of USDA 1994–96 dietary-intake data found that obesity rates have risen in tandem with soft drink consumption, and that heavy consumers of soda pop have higher calorie intakes...
Women who increased their consumption of soft drinks from less than one a week to one or more per day gained an average of 18 pounds. Women who originally drank one or more soft drinks per day but then cut back to no more than one drink per week gained the least weight (about six pounds). The study also found that women who drank soft drinks daily had almost twice the risk of diabetes as women who drank little or no soda pop. Fruit drinks also promoted weight gain and diabetes.
3. "Type II Diabetes"
Matt Stone
180DegreeHealth.com
http://www.180degreehealth.com/index.php?180=type-ii-diabetes
...Americans consume these cheap calories primarily in the form of high-fructose corn syrup, a sweetener that the food industry switched to at precisely the same time the world saw the greatest rise in type II diabetes in history (1980 to present, and accelerating…), and solvent-extracted and highly-oxidized (damaged and unstable) polyunsaturated oils, rich in the omega 6 fatty acids in which inflammatory molecules in the body are derived (such as Interleukin-6).
The combination of these two primary ingredients, combined with the impairment in fat and carbohydrate metabolism that results from their excessive ingestion, work synergistically to cause type II diabetes over time. However, this time is being greatly shortened, as these physiological changes are now known to affect the developing fetus of an expecting mother – irrespective of genes in terms of how we commonly think of genes as behaving. In some areas, the incidence of type II diabetes in young children is doubling and tripling in periods as short as a decade.
This is every bit an epidemic, and the incidence of this disorder, which already exceeds the former predictions of many with even the wildest of imaginations, will reach unforeseeable heights in the 21st century if current exponential growth of the disease is any indication. Its rapid rise in children is one of the most alarming health trends there is, and the rise has been so great that the former name, “adult-onset diabetes,” had to be done away with in favor of “type II diabetes...”
4. "Researchers link soft drinks to diabetes /
Drinking a soda a day led to weight gain in medical school study of 90,000 women"
Kim Severson, Chronicle Staff Writer
San Francisco Chronicle
Thursday, August 26, 2004
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2004/08/26/MNG088EJSU1.DTL
...The doctors behind one of the nation's most comprehensive public health studies have concluded what most dieters already know: Chugging down sodas packs on the pounds. The study of more than 90,000 women also suggests that increased consumption of sodas and other sugary drinks may significantly increase the chance of getting adult-onset diabetes, according to the study published Wednesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Doctors at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston and Harvard Medical School conducted the study, which is based on the decade long Nurses Health Study II. The study shows that women who drank one or more sugary drinks a day had an 83 percent greater chance of developing type 2 diabetes than women who drank less than one a month...
5. Good Calories, Bad Calories: Fat, Carbs, and the Controversial Science of Diet and Health
by Gary Taubes
published by Alfred A. Knopf, 2007
p 454, from Epilogue
...2. The problem is the carbohydrates in the diet, their effect on insulin secretion, and thus the diet, their effect on insulin secretion, and thus the hormonal regulation of homeostasis—the entire harmonic ensemble of the human body. The more easily digestible and refined the carbohydrates, the greater the effect on our health, weight, and well-being.
3. Sugars—sucrose and HFCS specifically—are particularly harmful, probably because the combination of fructose and glucose simultaneously elevates insulin levels while overloading the liver with carbohydrates.
4. Through their direct effect on insulin and blood sugar, refined carbohydrates, starches, and sugars are the dietary cause of coronary heart disease and diabetes. They are the most likely dietary causes of cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and other chronic diseases of civilization.
9. By stimulating insulin secretion, carbohydrates make us fat and ultimately cause obesity. The fewer carbohydrates we consume, the leaner we will be...”
6. How do you repair your immune system after a lifetime (or just a few months) of damage?
Fitness Spotlight
http://www.fitnessspotlight.com/2009/03/23/how-do-you-repair-your-immune-system-after-a-lifetime-or-just-a-few-months-of-damage/
Sweet Temptations
...Yeah, I’m going after your sweets first and foremost. Candy bars, cakes, cookies, pie, ice cream…there’s no place for these things when you’re trying to repair your immune system. Why? The sugar and processed grains cause a sharp rise in insulin levels, which suppresses growth hormones, which suppresses the immune system. If you’re constantly beating your immune system down with sugar and processed grains, you have no hope of repairing yourself. How bad is it?
These studies show that in adults, cell mediated immunity is significantly depressed after sugar ingestion (75 grams). A 100g portion of sugar can significantly reduce the capacity of white blood cells to engulf bacteria. Maximum immune suppression occurs one to two hours after ingestion and remains suppressed for up to five hours after feeding.
Replace your high-carb foods of processed grains and sugars with more vegetables and fruits. Your waist-line will thank you, as well...